"The First Fossil Hunters: Dinosaurs, Mammoths, and Myth in Greek and Roman Times" by Adrienne Mayor

 

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Copyright: 2010 (Revised Edition)

ISBN: 9780691150130

This was without a doubt one of the better books on the history of palaeontology I have read recently. I came across this pretty much by accident as I was looking for some reference material that would give me insight into where the origins of the mythology of dragons might have come from as at the time I was writing an article on the subject. I'm not exactly sure as I write this exactly what got me interested in the topic to begin with, but then again that was a few years ago, but it likely could have been something one of the school children asked me while I was touring them through the our lab. Prior to finding this book, I was getting rather frustrated as there didn't seem to be much material on the subject - which was rather annoying to say the least. 

After finding this resource things began to click into place, as there really isn't a whole lot of information on the topic. As I learned from this book there is a great deal of fossil evidence in the Mediterranean basin with regard to palaeomammalogy, but very little prior to this as the area was quite geologically active. It also didn't help that many palaeontologists weren't overly interested in the topic, which was a shame.

This book has given me sufficient that I believe the mythological Griffin could easily have been influenced by the discovery of either Protoceratops, or Psittacosaurus, both of whom are from the Cretaceous period. But this still didn't satisfy my curiosity about dragons, after all they supposedly looked quite a bit different. As I moven through the text I feel it is rather likely that "dragons" were possibly influenced by prehistoric mammals such as Samotherium a giant Miocene giraffe found as the name suggests in Samos Greece - at least the skull sure looks like the head of a classical dragon, and with a long neck I feel it's a pretty good candidate.

Dr. Mayor has done a fantastic amount of valuable research on this topic, and this book is well worth reading and would make a great addition to any library. I would also recommend it as reference material to any Classics, Archaeology, or Palaeontology professors as a great resource. I look forward to reading her other work.

"Ariadne" by Jennifer Saint

 

Publisher: Flatiron Books

Copyright: 2021

ISBN: 9781250773586

Ariadne retells the Greek myth of Princess Ariadne of Crete, her sister Phaedra, their mother and father Pasiphae, and King  Minos, and her brother Asterion who is otherwise known as the Minotaur.

Within this story are the tales of how Daedalus and Icarus escaped from the island of Crete, how Ariadne assisted Theseus in his killing of the Minotaur, and his ultimate betrayal and abandonment of her on the island of Naxos.

The story also tells of the life of Phaedra who thinking Ariadne is dead marries Theseus, The revenge of Daedalus on Minos, some history and further stories about Dionysus, the rivalry between Dionysus and Perseus, and so much more.

This is an excellent retelling of the Greek classical myths, and Ms. Saint has obviously done extensive research to support her backstory. I thoroughly enjoyed this book, and I'm looking forward to all future books she might decide to write.

"Venus and Aphrodite: A Biography of Desire" by Bettany Hughes

Publisher: Basic Books, New York

Copyright: 2020

ISBN: 9781541674233

This is the marvellous biography of the goddess Aphrodite, that takes the reader from her origins – which predates her appearance in classical mythology - right through to the present day.

Ms. Hughes examines the history of Aphrodite, as well as her links to the various cultures she was worshipped in. Although Aphrodite is typically considered to be a Greek goddess, who was then adopted by the Romans to become Venus her origins are much earlier than the classical Greek civilization many people are familiar with. Such as "Lady of Lemba" a statue found on the island of Cyprus and dated to approximately 5000 years ago. As most people know the history of Aphrodite revolves around sex, procreation, love, and other forms of spirituality. Therefore this book does focus on that a fair bit, but in an extremely informative and fascinating way.

Since the time of Greek and Roman dominance in the world she has been transformed, and excepted in numerous other cultures up to and including modern day. Is the fantastic book with lots of information, and Ms. Hughes obviously did a fantastic amount of research to put this together.

Highly recommended.

 

"Greek Mythology: The Gods, Goddesses, and Heroes Handbook" by Liv Albert

 

Publisher: Adams Media (Simon & Schuster)

Copyright: 2021

ISBN: 9781507215494

Liv Albert is the creator, host and producer of the podcast "Let's Talk About Myths, baby!" which has been running now since July 2017. It is one of the most popular podcasts in Canada, as she tells it like it is, and doesn't mince words.

"Greek Mythology: The Gods, Goddesses, and Heroes Handbook" is written in the same style, and portrays the Greek and Roman myths in an honest, but humourous way that acts as an excellent introduction for those people who have not taken or at least not referenced the myths for sometime.

The first part is a basic introduction to Greek mythology and the creation mythos that surrounds it. The second part deals with biographies of the Olympians themselves, e.g. Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, Here, Athena, Aphrodite, Apollo, Artemis, Hephaestus, Area, Hermes, Dionysus, and Hestia. Some of these are more important than others, but for the most part these are the ones that most people have learned about in school. There are also related stores about Persephone, Hectate, and Cerebus.

The third part deals with the deities Prometheus, Leto, Daphna, and Erosalong with related stores dealing with Pandora, Echo & Narcissus and Typhon & Echidna. The fourth part is the largest and deals with a number of the Heroes and Mortals, such as Heracles, Perseus, Jason, Medea, Daedalus, Oedipus, and more. Once again there are accompanying stories about the Minotaur, Icarus, Medusa, and more.

Overall this is a great review of classical Greek mythology, with the twist of relating it to the many modern interpretations of the myths.

The artwork in this book is by Sara Richard, and is quite stunning in its styling, and I hope that prints of these panels will eventually be available on her site www.sararichard.com

Highly recommended. Looking forward the the second volume (Yes, Simon & Schuster, this is a hint).

"Battling the Gods: Atheism in the Ancient World" by Tim Whitmarsh

Publisher:New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2015.
Edition:First edition.
ISBN: 9780307958327
Characteristics: viii, 290 pages

This is a scholarly publication that looks in depth at the relationship of what we refer to as religion and Greek mythology. 

It examines the philosophies and writings of a number of different Greek philosophers who wrote on the subjects of atheism or at the very least the concepts that the gods may not exist. I say it this way, as in many context now-a-days atheism is automatically thought to be the non-belief in one of Abrahamic religions. However this took place many hundreds of year before any of that was thought up.

For the most the book it concerns itself that what is commonly referred to as Greek mythology but is in actual fact more of a system of folklore and folktales rather than an actual religion. The reason for this is because for the most part the religious figures that were present in Greece at the time we're not comparable in anyway to what we currently see as priests and clerics as they were more there to aid the populace and provide comfort as opposed to guiding them towards certain  deities.

This book is an excellent read however some readers may find it somewhat daunting due to the number of references made to the various Greek historical figures, playwrights and philosophers. I think it would make an excellent text for a class in comparative religions, classics, or cultural anthropology. 

"The Song of Achilles" by Madeline Miller

Publisher:New York : Ecco, [2012]
Edition:First edition.
Copyright Date:©2012
ISBN:9780062060617
Characteristics:378 pages ;,24 cm

The Song of Achilles is Madeline Miller's first novel (I reviewed her second "Circe"back on December 16th, 2019). It tells the story of Achilles and the first part of the Trojan War from the viewpoint of Patroclus, his friend and lover.

To tell a story such as this from the viewpoint of what is typically by most to be considered a secondary character is a great way to immerse the reader into a great story. The book takes us from the first meeting of the two men when they are quite young, and then their second meeting some years later after Patroclus has been exiled by his father for the accidental death of another boy who was bullying him.

We are then treated to a view of what ancient Greek civilisation was like and how the two men grew to be fast friends and soon thereafter lovers. The views of homosexuality in this book are treated very subtlety. What most people fail to realise is that homosexuality in the ancient world was accepted by many (if not most) as perfectly normal and it was quite typical for young boys to have male lovers until they reached puberty or slightly thereafter. There was no such thing as the rampant homophobia that can be encountered in certain places in today's world.

I found this book to be a great read and would highly recommend it to anyone who is interested in mythology. I was first introduced to Madeline Miller's work via the podcast "Let's Talk About Myths, Baby" by Liv Albert, and I would definitely recommend that anybody who is even mildly interested in Greek and Roman mythology should check it out, as not only does it give a refreshing viewpoint, but Ms. Albert has a very interesting sense of humour that gives this show a boost.

"Circe" by Madeline Miller

Publisher:New York : Little, Brown and Company, 2018.

Edition:First edition.

ISBN: 9780316556347 

Characteristics: 393 pages

In "Circe" (pronounced 'Keer-Kay') Madeline Miller gives ask a look at the life of Circe, and what caused her banishment, how she adapted and lived the rest of her life. Many people know the basics of her tale from the Odyssey by Homer, but she is just one small part of that epic.

In the Odyssey she is painted as a very badass witch. She is taking out her revenge of how she's been treated in the world, who liked her solitude and gets her thrills by enslaving the crews of ship who visit her island and turning them into pigs.

In this book she a totally different picture is painted. Her actions are explained as she is the victim of Helios - her father - and other members of the Olympian divinity who were essentially needing a scapegoat (or so it seemed to me). And even though she was banished to the island of Aiaia she adapted well and lived a full life. It gives plausible explanations of how she learned to use her power, and showed her obsession with turning wayward sailors into pigs was a means of self defence, as she was a woman living alone, and the sailors had plans for solitary women.

In this book we also learn of her involvement with the birth of the Minotaur, her relations with her brother and two sisters as well as her relations with other members of the Olympians - all very strained to say the least.

Now, not being a authority on Greek history, and literature I can’t say how many liberties Ms. Miller took with her story, but I found it to be a very engrossing story that was well worth reading. She has another book “The Song of Achilles” which I’m hoping to read in the near future as it has been recommended to me as a fantastic novel.

I was first introduced to Madeline Miller's work via the podcast "Let's Talk About Myths, Baby" by Liv Albert, and I would definitely recommend it to anybody who is interested in Greek and Roman mythology. The myths are told from a refreshing feminist perspective, and Ms. Albert doesn't pull any punches (especially when talking about Zeus).