"Demon" by John Varley

 

Publisher:    Berkley

Copyright:   1984

ISBN:           0399129456

It has taken me a long time to get around to reading the third book in this trilogy. The reason for this hesitation was that I wasn't overly impressed with the second one (Wizard), but felt that I should at least try to finish the series despite my misgivings.

The first few pages of Demon were rather odd to say the least, but it began to get better as the story progressed (unfortunately this was but a brief respite). It wasn't as good as Titan (The first book in the trilogy), which had a well defined plot arc. Contrarily both Wizard and Demon seem to be books that didn't really need to be written, and you get the feeling they were simply done to fulfill the contract (or at least I did). Whether this is true or not I don't know, but it sure seems that way because they both ramble, and Demon rambles even more than Wizard.

In any case, it has been about 20 years since the end of Wizard, and in this book Gaea seems to be represented by a gigantic version of Marilyn Monroe. The Titandes are still around even though it seemed as if they were doomed at the end of Wizard. Robin the witch is back after leading the coven for a good portion of the 20 years, she is low disgraced. Her daughter is with her, and she seems to be ready to blame anything and everything for her misfortune.  Gaby is also back (from the dead?) But seems to be more of a ghost anything else.

To be honest I wasn't even able to finish this book, in fact I only got about a third of the way through it before I gave it up.

Sorry, Varley fans. Definitely not one of his best.

"Eats, Shoots and Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation!" by Lynn Truss

 

Publisher: New York : Gotham Books

Copyright: 2003

ISBN: 9781592400874 

This book gives the reader a very good overview of grammar and punctuation (you know that stuff you were supposed to have learned about in English class). Now, while this might sound like a fairly dull subject. It isn’t, as Lynne Truss does it with a great sense of humour, and wonderful examples that will keep you enthralled (and laughing) to the very end.

Some of the examples cited in the text are ones you will commonly see now-a-days. I’m not sure why this is, as to the best of my knowledge English is still a core subject in school. The rules for grammar and punctuation are basically quite simple, but can seem difficult if you aren’t properly trained in them.

So go ahead, read this book, it’ll open your eyes and definitely give you something to think about.

Enjoy, and watch your commas.

"Battlefield Earth: A Saga of the Year 3000" by L. Ron Hubbard (1911-1986)

 

Publisher: Bridge Publications, Inc.

Copyright: 1982

ISBN: 0884041557

There's absolutely no doubt that this book is a saga, as it is 1066 pages long. But even though it is extremely long the story is quite interesting, thorough and well written. It is also the only book of Mr. Hubbard's that I have ever finished.

My apologies to all the L. Ron Hubbard fans out there, but I honestly did try to read the "Mission Earth" series a long time ago, but didn't even make it through the first quarter of the first book which if I remember correctly was called "The Invaders Plan" (there are 10 in the series) but it was so mind numbingly boring I gave up. I have however not read any of his other works.

In any case "Battlefield Earth" is not like that series as it is a very good story that definitely keeps you in suspense with some very good twists and turns in the plotting. The characters themselves are memorable, some of them are very good people and a couple are really despicable. The culture of the Psychlos, is well portrayed and detailed which makes it quite interesting to read. In addition the Psychlos themselves seem to be quite well designed as well.

The story itself revolves around a small band of humans, led by Jonnie Goodboy Tyler. Legends tell of monsters who live on the plains, and following the death of his father, Johnnie decides to investigate if the rumours are true, in hopes that he can move the people of his village to someplace healthier, as they are slowly wasting away.

The monsters however turn out to be true, and Johnny is captured by one of them, an alien by the name of Terl. Later after learning more about Terl's plans Jonni, and another band of humans decide to fight back and retake the planet from the Psychlos.

While it is a long book, it is well worth the read, especially for the well developed world building, and characters.

On the other hand, they made a movie of this book in 2000 that was produced and starred John Travolta. It had the honour of being one of the worst movies that Hollywood has ever produced and was given such bad reviews by virtually every critic that is even hard to find the DVD in a library. The estimated budget was $73 million, and it made $8.25 Million, but who knows where it went?

While I've never actually seen the movie (something which I'm grateful for) after seeing some of the stills on IMDb, and reading some of the information on that same service it is obvious that good ol' Hollywood once again goofed, which seems pretty typical.

"Don't Put That In There: And 69 Other Sex Myths Debunked" by Dr. Aaron E. Carroll and Dr. Rachel C. Vreeman

 

Publisher: St. Martin's Press

Copyright: 2014

ISBN: 9781250042262

There are lots of books, websites, television shows and so on devoted to debunking myths, but myths about sex are probably one of the most critical, but also some of the most humourous to read.

A lot of it possibly comes from parent and child miscommunication (assuming of course there was any communication in the first place). But while the origin of some of these myths might be able to be explained to a point, a great deal of it is can be classified under 'absolutely beyond comprehension' as to how people come up with these silly ideas.

Examples of some of the topics covered in these little essays (average about 1 to 2 pages each) are: Part 1 (Men): Does penis size matter, racial penis profiling, whether you should have sex before the big game, Foreskin myths; Part 2 (Women): Women don’t really want sex, the bush vs. Brazilian, G-spots, Douching; Part 3 (Sex): aphrodisiacs, sex and exercise, piercing, television making you over sexed, watching porn, premature ejaculation, masturbation myths; Part 4 (Getting Pregnant): sex during menstruation, rape, birth control pills vs. antibiotics, IUDs; Part 5 (STDs): Condoms, Human-papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine, HPV vaccine making girls want to have sex, and HIV. This is just a selection from the table of contents, but as you can see the scope is wide ranging.

This book goes a long way to dispelling a lot of these myths, and it does it in a very well written, humorous, and intelligent way. This would be a great books for every teacher, school councillor, school nurse, and many others to have on their book shelf.

I also enjoyed Drs. Carrol & Vreeman's other book "Don't Swallow You Gum: Myths, half-truths, and out right lies about your body and health" which I reviewed back in November 2020. I also reviewed Dr. Carrol's book "The Bad Food Bible: How and Why to Eat Sinfully" back in March 2020.

Enjoy.

Murder At The ABA: A puzzle in four days and sixty scenes" by Isaac Asimov (1920-1992)

Publisher: Doubleday & Company

Copyright: 1976

ISBN: 0385113056

This is a very interesting book that is well written, that I enjoyed a lot. It is a first person account of a semi-successful writer attending the 75th ABA (American Booksellers Association) Conference in 1975. He, Darius Just, discovers the body of another writer whom he knows very well. Just is convinced that his friend was murdered, and to assuage his guilty conscience as he failed to do something for him he makes it his goal to prove it, when nobody else believes him.

Darius Just is the narrator, and we are taken on a journey as we discover through his thoughts and actions how he determines who killed his friend. We meet a number of other people at the conference, including Isaac Asimov, (who was actually there) and get a bit of a taste of what a booksellers conference might be like.

While it isn't a long novel, the plot is very well thought out--as is typical with all of Dr. Asimov's novels--and it keeps you in suspense to the very end.

One interesting little fact is that Isaac Asimov was actually contracted to write a story by his publisher entitled "Murder At The ABA", and while all the characters (except himself) and actions in the novel are fictitious it is an enjoyable to read.

"T-Rex and the Crater of Doom" by Walter Alvarez

 

Publisher: Princeton University press

Copyright: 1997

ISBN: 9780691169668

I have been working in the field of palaeontology for 10 years now, and even prior to that likely since I first heard about it in the 1980s, I have always excepted the fact that a meteor or a comet had spelled the end of the era of dinosaurs (otherwise known as the Cretaceous), and that it had hit on what we now know as the Yucatán Peninsula.

I was unaware however of all the research, and the years it took for Walter Alvarez, his father Luis Alvarez, and scores of other scientists to prove that this had actually occurred. This book takes you on an absolutely enthralling journey of how the discovery was made.

The first chapter takes you back to a world 65 Million years ago, just before the Cretaceous era was about to abruptly end. It describes in detail what must have happened on that fateful day when either a comet or meteor approximately 10 kilometres across slammed into the Yucatán Peninsula. There was no warning as it was travelling at an estimated 30 kilometres per second (about 150 times faster than your typical airliner).

Between the time it first touched the Earth's atmosphere and it hit the ground, only 1 second had elapsed.

Dr. Alvarez'sstyle of writing makes this a very easy book to read, and provides the reader with a close look at exactly how the scientific method works, and should be required reading for anyone interested in the scientific method regardless of their discipline, as a great many people don't really seem to realize all the work that has to go in to actually examining a hypothesis, and subsequently proving a theory, or the amount of time it can take to do it.

A great book, I'm kind of sorry it took me so long to getting around to reading it.

"To Sail Beyond the Sunset: The Life and Loves of Maureen Johnson (Being the Memoirs of a Somewhat Irregular Lady)" by Robert A. Heinlein (1907-1988)

Publisher: Ace Books, New York
Copyright: 1988
ISBN: 0441748600

"To Sail Beyond the Sunset" is the fifth and last book in the world as myth series. It is written in the style of a memoir of Maureen Johnson who is one of the members of the Howard Families, and Lazarus Long's mother.

If you haven't read the other four books in the series then seriously consider picking them up and reading them in order otherwise this book will not make a whole lot of sense, as it builds directly on the last book "The Cat Who Walks Through Walls", and before that “The Number of the Beast", "Time Enough for Love", and “Methuselah's Children". Pixel (the Cat) however is better featured in this book even though he is the title character of "The Cat Who Walks Through Walls".

As mentioned this book is written in the format of a memoir dictated by Maureen Johnson/Smith while she is in jail awaiting trial and possible execution by a rather mysterious group of people, after waking up in a strange hotel room with a corpse beside her.

Outside of this, this novel is primarily about sex. There is no other real theme to the book as it details Maureen's life, her loves, her children, their lives, and fills in a whole lot of the backstory of the Howard families. Which is a good thing because the previous books do leave a number of questions unanswered.

This was also to the best of my knowledge Robert Heinlein's last novel, as he died in 1988. Mr. Heinlein's views on gender relations, sex, religion, marriage, and many other social topics come through very clearly. But this is not necessarily a bad thing (even though it will likely offend some of the more puritanical readers-Mind you they probably wouldn't be reading this book anyways), as the rather odd relationship that various cultures today have towards these topics can easily be accounted for as the characters live some 2000 years in our future, and the chances of our customs not changing in that time is zero.

All in all it was a very good series, but you do have to read it in order for it to make sense. 

Happy reading.

"Don't Swallow You Gum: Myths, half-truths, and out right lies about your body and health" by Dr. Aaron E. Carroll and Dr. Rachel C. Vreeman

Publishers: St. Martin’s Griffin

Copyright: 2009

ISBN: 9780312533878

This is the second book of Dr. Carroll's I've reviewed. The first "Bad Food Bible: How and Why to Eat Sinfully" was very good as well.

In this book he is joined by Dr. Rachel Vreeman, and it is a collection that reviews 62 health related myths about your body. It is separated into six sections entitled: Myths About Your Body, Myths About How We Contract and Treat Diseases, Myths About Sex and Pregnancy, Myths About Babies and Children, Myths About What We Eat and Drink, and finally Myths That Sparked Controversy and Debate.

The book itself is very well written and should be easy to understand for people of any educational background. Both the authors are practising paediatricians, and did extensive literature based research in working on this book. All of the 62 myths that are debunked are nice and short and to the point.

Some of the myths that are debunked include: only using 10% of your brain, ruining your eyesight if you read in the dark, you can beat a breathalyzer test, Cold and wet weather making you sick, a dogs mouth is cleaner than humans, flu shots can cause the flu, losing most of your body heat through your head, singles having better sex than marry people, not being able to get pregnant using the withdrawal method, prediction of gender, baby Einstein making your baby smarter, alcohol consumption by breast-feeding women, sugar making kids hyper, the good old five second rule, chewing gum is better than brushing your teeth, double dipping, poisoning and Hallowe'en candy, newer drugs are always better, and vaccines causing autism. All of which were debunked!

This book also has extensive citations, and references for those who want to check up and read more about the various subjects.

Highly recommended as a very good book, looking forward to reading Drs. Carroll and Vreeman's next book.

Wizard by John Varley

Publisher:    Berkley

Copyright:   1981 

ISBN:           9780441900671 

Wizard is the second book in the Gaea series, and takes place some 75 years after Titan. Chirocco "Rocky" Jones is the Wizard in the title and is essentially the Lieutenant (for lack of a better term) of Gaea, however over the years their relationship has become quite strained. Rocky has been given extended life because she is the wizard, and because of some of the limitations / requirement Gaea has forced upon her she has become a raging alcoholic. Gaby who was also in "Titan", as Rocky's friend/lover also reappears and has been granted long life, but only as long as she's useful to Gaea, so she therefore has to keep her self in Gaea's good graces.

In the last 75 years a lot as happened aboard the Gaea, such as some Titanades (Centaur like beings) have immigrated to earth and serve as ambassadors between Gaea and Earth for those wishing to visit Gaea. In addition more humans are visiting the station, mostly to see if Gaea can help them. It is not really explained what other have come for, but it is noted that Gaea herself likes to test them, and frequently play tricks on them.

For the most part this book is a bit of a travelogue of the adventures encountered by Rocky, Gaby, a bunch of Titanades, and two people (Robin, and Chris) who are visiting from earth to be cured of their afflictions. We meet a few more of the inhabitants of Gaea, but outside of this the story completely revolves around Rocky's group who are trying to circumnavigate Gaea.

This was a good book, but not nearly as interesting as the first one, and if you plan to read it, be sure to read Titan first.

"World Building From the Inside Out" by Janeen Ippolito

Publisher: Independently Published

Copyright: 2018

ISBN: 9781983788321

This is the third book on world building that I’ll be reviewing, as I am currently doing research on the various methods authors use to do their work, and see if there are any major similarities and/or differences.

This book for the most part serves as a relatively handy reference on world building. Ms. Ippolito wrote this book because of a mistake she says in the introduction. She had a lot of experience in world building due to a background in anthropology and teaching, but neglected the plot and characters. She concluded that she was “missing the cultural worldview”. Which in my opinion is something that is very important, as that is what motivates characters, gives them a reason for what they do, etc.

The book is short at only 60 pages, and Ms. Ippolito describes it as “a quick primer to get you to the core of your story world’s cultures”.

She briefly talks about such things as religion, government, societal structure, technology, health medicine, the military and education to name a few. However, as of these topics are addressed within approximately five pages, the text resembles a list of semi-detailed definitions. But having said that the definitions are extremely useful, and likely not something most writers think about. The author’s experience in anthropology is quite evident, and this is where most of her sources seem to be based, which is a good plan as it is the study of humans, and until we meet some aliens that is what we have to base things on.

A very handy reference to get an author thinking outside of the box with regard to their world building activities.

"The Minervan Experiment" by James P. Hogan (1940-2010)

Publisher:   Garden City, N.Y. : Nelson Doubleday
Copyright:  1981

The Minervan Experiment is the collective title of a trilogy consisting of "Inherit the Stars", "The Gentle Giants of Ganymede", and "Giants' Star".

The first of the three novels revolves around a first contact situation, however with a bit of a twist. The first contact occurs on the moon, during a surveying expedition, when the work crew finds the mummified remains of an astronaut from 50,000 years ago. The first book in the series takes this as its starting point how goes on to explain the methods used to determine how the astronaut got there, where he came from, and why he looks so human.

The second book in the series follows directly from the first, and mainly concerns itself with the discovery on Jupiter's moon Ganymede of a crashed alien spacecraft that has been trapped in the ice for 25 million years. The investigation of this craft occupies approximate the first third of the book, but things take an unexpected turn when a ship full of the same aliens whose skeletal remains were found on Ganymede show up. The remainder of the book goes on to give a fairly good examination of how humans might actually interact with aliens (it does however involve humans that have evolved beyond the petty jealousies, political rivalries, and military stupidity that is present in the world today). Towards the end of this book the aliens, leave earth bound for what they hope is the new world where their descendants now live.

The third book is a little harder to briefly sum up, as it looks at the ramifications of how humans, and the aliens from book two interact with each other when a third party which is hostile to earth makes itself known (this isn't the best way to describe what happens, but I don't want to give away too much). This book does show that Mr. Hogan has done his research on politics and the military and I feel gives a good representation of how these groups might actually think.

I've read this trilogy quite a few times, and find it to be very enjoyable. The characters are very well written, and you can easily identify with the types of people they are. Good characterization is definitely the sign of an accomplished writer. I can remember what attracted me to this series originally when I first bought "Inherit the Stars" way back when, and that was the cover art which showed two astronauts digging up a skeleton in a space suit. I'd read some of Mr. Hogan work before but not much as this was one of his early books.

One anachronism that I found rather interesting in the series is that virtually everybody drinks and smokes. But when you take into account that the stories were written in the late 70s and early 80s, when smoking was more prevalent than it is today this is understandable, but still it does tend to stand out, at least in my mind.

Recommended to those readers who like science in their science fiction, as well as a good mystery as well.

"The A-Zs of Worldbuilding: Building a Fictional World From Scratch" by Rebekah Loper

Publisher: Tulsa, Oklahoma: Fantasia Hearth Press

Copyright: 2017

ISBN: 9780692850558

This is the second book on world building that I’ll be reviewing, as I am currently doing research on the various methods authors use to do their work, and see if there are any major similarities and/or differences.

As the title indicates this book deals with 26 topics on the subject of world building. I felt some of the choices of topics assigned to the various letters were a little odd, and some readers may not know what the terms she uses mean until they look them up, but the author does give very good information in all the sections.

Some of the topics covered include architecture, birth, clothing, death, economy, geography, and history. One nice feature about all these various topics is the author gives exercises composed of a series of questions / prompts at the end of each chapter as an assist for writers in building their worlds.

In some cases their are significant areas of crossover such as M is for Military, and W is for Weapons and Warfare, and I feel these two sections could easily have been combined. This also goes for A is for Architecture, and I is for Interior Design.

None of the chapters in this book are overly long, with the average being 3 to 4 pages, with generally more pages in the exercises section mentioned above (as it is laid out workbook style with room for writing). I believe it would have given potential authors more information if Ms. Loper had gone into more detail in the various sections, but for a quick reference guide, or for a novice author that is just getting into world building it is adequate.

I found this book to be quite helpful in my research, and would recommend it to anyone interested in world building.

"The Cat Who Walks Through Walls" by Robert A.Heinlein (1907-1988)

Publisher: New York: Berkley Books
Copyright: 1986
ISBN: 0425093328

"The Cat Who Walks Through Walls” (whose name happens to be Pixel) is the fifth book in the World as Myth series by Heinlein. It starts out as a mystery with a murder, but gets quite involved from that point on.

The murder itself take place in a restaurant, across the table from Dr. Richard Ames, who was waiting for his wife to come back to the table. The soon-to-corpse had sat down at the table uninvited to ask Ames if he would murder somebody for him. What follows is a chase that essentially takes up 2/3 of the book, as everybody it seems wants to kill Ames, but nobody knows why-especially Ames. Ames also doesn’t know why the man was killed at his table, why the body was disposed of so quickly, and a host of other questions.

While Ames and his wife are busy trying to escape a few more attempts are made on their lives, and this deepens the mystery even more, to make an interesting tale that will easily entertain.

As was the case in “The Number of the Beast" we are introduced to the world of as myth scenario approximately 2/3 to 3/4 of the way through the book, and this is where things get slightly confusing as the whole storyline behind the world is myth system is the time travel works, and you can visit alternate universes at the same time. This is something that those of you who read “The Number of the Beast” would have been introduced to.

When reading the series it is best to start with “Methuselah's Children" then go onto "Time Enough for Love", and finally “The Number of the Beast" before tackling this book or a lot of the references will not make any sense whatsoever as a lot of the characters in the other books appear in this novel, and they help to explain things. In addition scenarios that previously encountered in the other novels appear in this one as well to form part of the backstory.

Surprisingly though Pixel himself or herself (I don't believe it says) doesn’t play a big role in this novel, but still it’s a good linking feature.

"On Writing and Worldbuilding: Volume 1" by Timothy Hickson

Publisher: Independently Published

Copyright: 2019

ISBN: 9781798967652

The next three non-fiction reviews that I'll be doing are all going to be dealing with the subject of world building, which is something that all writers working in the various fiction genres have to deal with one extent or another (or at least they should). I am currently doing research on the various methods authors use to do their work, and see if there are any major similarities and/or differences.

Some readers and writers may disagree with the above statement, as world building has typically been defined as a staple of science fiction and fantasy. For other fiction genres it sometimes goes by such open-ended terms such as research, back story, plotting etc. rather than world building. However, I define world building very broadly and consider it to be anything an author has to do to make their story plausible to a reader, and allow the author to create consistent content for their stories.

In the first half of this book Mr. Hixson deals primarily with the techniques of writing rather than world building. In the second half he deals with the world building aspect of the title, and goes into some detail and discusses magic systems, polytheistic religions, hidden magical worlds, and then does three chapters on politics namely how empires rise, work, and fall.

I'm not going to deal much with the writing advice itself primarily because I picked this book up while I was researching world building techniques. However to give a fair review, I will say that the first part of the book gives the novice writer extremely good advice on writing in general, and especially character creation, exposition, character motivation and character interrelationships.

Moving on to world building, the first section is all about magic and he gives extremely good information on various types of magic systems, which are based on a system set up by Brandon Sanderson (author of the Elantis, and Mistborn series amongst others). In which magic is separated into two classes: hard and soft magic. He goes into a fair bit of detail concerning both these systems and gives good examples, as well as dealing with how magic should be written about.

When dealing with the polytheistic religions section he goes into detail here as well regarding the various religions themselves and how they might or should interact with the other parts of the society. Examples of this interaction would be variations in beliefs, the culture and its influences, economic influences, and how religions spread, to name a few.

He then tackles hidden magical worlds, which are a staple of the Percy Jackson series, Harry Potter series, Black Panther, and Wonder Woman, to name but a few of a large selection. He discusses things such as why is the world hidden? What technology is required to keep it hidden? How would the hidden society as well as the outside world deal with its discovery, as well as normal things such as economics, politics, and society in general.

Likely the best sections are with regard to how empires rise, work, and fall. And he goes into good detail with regard to these three topics.

All in all, I found this to be a very good book, but was a little disappointed in some of the examples he used, as a lot of them are very new and it seems as if he either ignored or didn't know about world building that had gone on in classic science fiction, and fantasy. One thing I did find useful was that in the section on empires he did use a history consultant to give it more accuracy.

"Abaddon's Gate" by James S. A. Corey

Publisher:New York : Hachette Book Group, 2013.
ISBN: 9780316129077
Characteristics: 566 pages

This is the third book in the Expanse series. I previously reviewed the first two books "Levithan Wakes" & "Caliban's War" sometime ago and you could read these reviews by clicking on the titles.

As you are likely aware this series is being made into a television series as well and I originally watched the first three seasons, then read the two first books but unfortunately had to wait due to COVID-19 to catch up with the third book. So far I am extremely impressed by the closeness that the directors have been staying to the books. There are of course some differences but these are easily overlooked.

I am eagerly waiting the release of the fourth season, but once again due to this pesky virus I have no idea when it's going to be available. Because of this I am somewhat hesitant to start the fourth book as I would prefer to read it after I watch the shows.

It would be very difficult to describe all the ins and outs of the plot in a review such as this, because it is so detailed, and I would be afraid of missing something.

This book takes place a few years after Caliban's War, and the entity that crashed into Venus, has since launched itself outward into the solar system, and constructed a huge torus shaped object known as "The Ring". The crew of the Rocinante along with ships from the Belt, Mars and Earth are on their way to investigate the phenomenon but other people have plans that don't exactly mesh with those of James Holden or most others for that matter. For example the Martain Navy would really like to get their ship back, which all happens to by the Rocinante. Julie Mao's sister is out to get Holden, and doesn't really care who gets in the way. The Belters aren't to crazy about him either, so he has a rather full plate to deal with.

A very good read, but definitely read this series in order or you will miss something.

"Battling the Gods: Atheism in the Ancient World" by Tim Whitmarsh

Publisher:New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2015.
Edition:First edition.
ISBN: 9780307958327
Characteristics: viii, 290 pages

This is a scholarly publication that looks in depth at the relationship of what we refer to as religion and Greek mythology. 

It examines the philosophies and writings of a number of different Greek philosophers who wrote on the subjects of atheism or at the very least the concepts that the gods may not exist. I say it this way, as in many context now-a-days atheism is automatically thought to be the non-belief in one of Abrahamic religions. However this took place many hundreds of year before any of that was thought up.

For the most the book it concerns itself that what is commonly referred to as Greek mythology but is in actual fact more of a system of folklore and folktales rather than an actual religion. The reason for this is because for the most part the religious figures that were present in Greece at the time we're not comparable in anyway to what we currently see as priests and clerics as they were more there to aid the populace and provide comfort as opposed to guiding them towards certain  deities.

This book is an excellent read however some readers may find it somewhat daunting due to the number of references made to the various Greek historical figures, playwrights and philosophers. I think it would make an excellent text for a class in comparative religions, classics, or cultural anthropology. 

"Poisoned Jungle" by James Ballard

Publisher:  Koehler Books
Copyright: 2020
ISBN: 9781646633111

I had the good fortune to read the advance copy of this book. Many reviewers will say things like "Couldn't put it down" and such, but in my case it actually was close to being the truth. Thanks to this silly virus that's messing up everyone lives I got to stay up late and keep reading, as we we're still not allowed to return to full time hours.

The novel itself is definitely engrossing, and brings you right into the life of a combatant during the Vietnam War. You get to experience the horrors of war, and the frustration the soldiers themselves experienced had having to be there. While I've never experienced anything like this myself (and hope I never do) I'm sure their one year tour of duty, likely seemed almost never-ending. When you add to this the way they were treated by their government, and others when they returned it makes you very sympathetic to their plight.

The story takes you through the life of Andy Parks starting in 1969 when he was the medic in the Mekong Delta, and his dream that the seemingly endless war he was living thorough would be over for him when he returned home, but not realising that it would continue for many years afterward. We meet the various members of this unit, and watch as their lives unfold. We get a glimpse of what Andy experienced during his time there, and I'm fairly sure this was somewhat scaled back.

I highly recommend this book to anyone who is looking to find out what the life of a veteran is/was like for those who returned from Vietnam. I'm looking forward to James' next book which I've been told is in the works.

"Earth: The Operators' Manual" by Richard B. Alley

Publisher:New York : W.W. Norton & Co., [2011]
Edition:First edition.
Copyright Date:©2011
ISBN: 9780393081091
Characteristics: x, 479 pages :,illustrations ;,25 cm

This is a companion book to the PBS television series, unfortunately I have not been able to get my hands on a copy of the video to compare the two, but in any case while the video would undoubtedly enhance the book, I'm fairly sure it wouldn't detract as this book is very well researched and written.

The amount of detail in this book is amasing, and the information should be indispensible to anyone doing research on the effects of climate change both historically and in modern times. The book takes the reader a journey via a series of stories that does delve into the scientific end of things, but it is kept to a basic level so it should be understandable to readers of a Junior High School level or higher.

Dr. Alley, a professor at Pennsylvania State University, takes on topics such as how did we get fossil fuels to begin with, the establishment of the American National Academy of Science, glaciation and the ice ages. He then delves into how humans can help be looking at solutions based on human waste, the wind, geothermal energy, nuclear, and solar energy.

Highly recommended to anybody who is interested in the future (or the past for that matter) of this rock we live on.

"The Number of the Beast" by Robert A. Heinlein(1907-1988)

Publisher: Fawcett Gold Medal

Copyright: 1980

ISBN: 0449144763

This book is considered be part of the World as Myth series, but while reading it there doesn't seem to be a whole lot of reasons for this inclusion. In fact you don’t really even get what the “World as Myth” is all about until you are at least three quarters of the way through the book. No, I’m not going to tell you why!

This story tends to be somewhat tedious to read because for the most part the text is almost completely dialogue. In addition to this the main characters - all four of them – are constantly arguing with each other throughout the middle third to half of the story. These two reasons force me to put this novel into my “not so favourite” category, which for something by Heinlein is rather strange (at least for me).

Other than the above issues the story is relatively interesting, especially in the first and last quarters, as it deals with a first contact scenario. In this case however the aliens, which come from an alternate universe have been on earth for some time, but have now become hostile because humans have discovered how to travel between the universes. In addition there are numerous references to the old pulp fiction stories, which are fun to encounter.

The person who discovered the method of travel, is targeted by the aliens, and is forced to flee along with three rather unlikely companions. As is the case with a number of Heinlein’s later novels a good deal of the storyline revolves around social issues, politics, culture, gender relations, sex, etc. I don’t find this too be bad, but some might.

In order to truly appreciate this book, I believe you first need to read Methuselah's Children & Time Enough For Love.

All things considered this is a fairly good read, but not nearly as good as some of his other stuff.

"Asimov on Science Fiction" by Isaac Asimov (1920-1992)

Publisher: Avon Books
Copyright: 1981
ISBN: 0380585111

This book is a collection of 55 essays that were taken from the editorials published in "Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine", and many other publications, such as Parade magazine. The range of topics is very large even though they are all concerned with some aspect of science fiction.

The majority of these essays deal with the writing of science fiction, the history of s-f, and to an extent the history of pulp fiction in general. When Science Fiction first became a literary genre (even though it was nowhere near official) virtually the only place that authors could have their stores published was in what was then known as the pulps (so named because they were printed on cheap pulp paper). VP the author is virtually nothing, one of the highest was 1 cent a word, but most much less than that. Nevertheless, this is were the majority of classic science fiction writers cut their teeth. Authors such as Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, E. E. "Doc" Smith, and many more.

While I had not been born when the pulps were in their heyday, I'm not sure what the current state of science fiction would be today if they hadn't existed, in fact it's possible that the genre might not even exist as we know it.

Any person who is interested in the history of science fiction, the history of the authors of the genre, or just reading some very good essays on the topic of science fiction would find this book very interesting I think.

"Titan" by John Varley

Publisher: New York : Berkley Pub.,
Copyright: 1979
ISBN: 9780441813049

Titan is the first book in a trilogy that was nominated for both the Hugo and Nebula awards.

Titan is another first contact novel, but once again with a bit of a twist. An object is detected orbiting Saturn, and a spacecraft captained by Cirocco “Rocky” Jones the first female captain of a vessel, the Deep Space Vessel Ringmaster. When they get close enough to the ring shaped object they realise that it could only be the product of an alien civilisation. Foregoing plans to investigate the object they approach and are captured. The ship is destroyed, and the crew drawn into the object and kept isolated is a condition of almost total sensory deprivation.

Eventually after an unknown duration the crew are released into the interior of the alien space craft. They encounter centaurs, angels, gas filled whales that sail though the air. Rocky set out though this world to find her crew and to determine what makes the alien spacecraft which they have named Gaea.

Her travels took her and one of her crew Gaby though many adventures, and eventually they meet the person who is in charge of the ship.

This is a very good book, which I would recommend to anyone who is looking for a well written story that explores some interesting aspects of human relations.

"Many Skies: Alternative Histories of the Sun, Moon, Planets, and Stars" by Arthur Upgren

Publisher: New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers University Press, [2005]

Copyright: ©2005

ISBN:9780813535128 

Characteristics:viii, 198 pages :,illustrations ;,24 cm

This is an extremely interesting book that examines astronomy and astrophysics from the perspective of what would happen if the world were not as we currently know it. What I mean by this is if our solar system was not comprised of eight planets, a single sun, and various numbers of moons around all but the first two planets how would this have changed human discovery of astronomy, physics, or our understanding of the world itself, and much more.

The book is structured to pose an alternate scenario to what we know as normal in our universe. In it Dr. Upgren deals with our near solar system, and looks at what it would be like if Earth had three moons? Going on from this what if we were in a trinary star system? He then goes on to explain how stellar magnitudes work, and discusses proper motion. He then speculates what science today would been like if Ptolemy's discovery that the sun was at the centre of the solar (fourteen hundred years before Copernicus proposed nearly the same thing) had been accepted. He then concludes the first section by looking at what would have changed if Earth was the only planet orbiting the sun.

He goes on in subsequent sections to talk about other topics such as what would Earth be like if we had rings like Saturn, were close to a very large planet, were part of a double planet system, and so on. He also  writes about globular clusters, celestial mechanics and its history and so on.

Over the years I have dabbled in amateur astronomy, and have had the questions that Dr. Upgren poses in his book come to mind a number of times, but rarely was I ever able to find anyone who could answer them, or would be willing to even consider my interest.

As a writer, I have explored some of these questions more, and believe this book would be a valuable resource for any author of Science Fiction, or Fantasy who has a need to world-build and make it plausible (yes, I realise this actually contradicts the way some people define fantasy, but so be it).

Check it out.

"The Foundation Trilogy" by Isaac Asimov (1920-1992)

Publisher: Doubleday
Copyright: 1951

The Foundation Trilogy is considered by most readers to be one of the classic science fiction story. It one science fictions most coveted award the Hugo in 1966, and has never been out of publication since it's original release in 1951. Very few other science fiction stories hold this publication record, one of the few being "Stranger in a Strange Land" by Robert A. Heinlein.

The story itself is that many thousands of years in the future, and Earth (And the origin of humans) is a legend at best, but probably closer to a fable. Humans have essentially colonized the vast majority of the Milky Way Galaxy, and are governed by an Emperor who is located towards the centre of the Galaxy. It should be noted that in 1951 when this book was written it was unknown that a black hole is in centre of the Milky Way galaxy.

The empire however is in dire straits, and essentially falling apart. Hari Seldon, a mathematician develops the science of psychohistory-the mathematical formulation of sociology-which can be used to predict with fair accuracy the future based on group dynamics. He is able to predict the future of the empire, and its eventually downfall. His calculations indicate that there will be a gap of 30,000 year before the new Empire is founded. He however predicts that through the establishment of two Foundations that this can be reduced to 1000 years, even though the downfall of the current Empire is unstoppable.

The story tells of the events over a period of approximately 500 years following the collapse of the empire and prior to the predicted establishment of the second empire.

In the early 1980s Asimov wrote four other novels set in the same universe. Two were sequels: "Foundation's Edge" (1982) & "Foundation and Earth" (1986), and two were prequels "Prelude to Foundation" (1988) and "Forward the Foundation" (1993).

Enjoy!

"How to Think Like Leonardo da Vinci: Seven Steps to Genius Every Day" by Michael Gelb

Published: New York, N.Y.: Delacorte Press
Year: c1998.
Physical Details: xiv, 322 p. : ill. ; 23 cm
ISBN: 0385323816

On the outside this may seem like a standard self-help book, but it is a bit more than that. Not only does it give you some very interesting insights into the life of Leonardo da Vinci, but it examines his philosophy and methodology on how he thought and practised what he accomplished during his life.

Mr. Gelb was invited to speak at a conference of executives, on how to be more creative, and balanced etc. The chairman of this conference even suggested something about Leonardo, and this book is the result of all the research that had to be done to produce the talk.

The book is separated into three sections. Part one of this book gives an overview of Leonardo da Vinci's life, his major accomplishments, some of the practical aspects of how he did his work, and an overview of what the renaissance was actually like. Part two takes you through seven different principles used by da Vinci: Curosità, Dimostrazione, Sensazione, Sfumato, Arte/Scienza, Corporalita, and Connessione. In English these are generally Curiosity, the willingness to gain knowledge through experience, the continual refinement of the senses, the willingness to embrace ambiguity, the balance between science and art, the cultivation of dexterity, and finally the appreciation of the interconnectedness of everything. Part three gives a short but very interesting course on da Vincian drawing principles, which is very interesting and worth the time.

Each of these sections gives an overview of the topic, as well as exercises the reader can do to further their knowledge and enjoyment of the lessons being learned. By doing these exercises it is almost guaranteed that the reader will open up a new understanding of how their life can be changed, and they enjoy it more.

There is a workbook that goes with this text, which I have not seen, but I am assuming it is just an expansion on the various exercises that are given in this book. 

Overall this is an extremely interesting book, and I would recommend it to anyone who is interested in both the life of Leonardo da Vinci, as well as improving their enjoyment of life.

"Time Enough For Love" by Robert A Heinlein (1907-1988)

Publisher:New York : Berkley Medallion
Copyright Date:©1973
Characteristics:  589 pages

As mentioned in my review of Methuselah's Children a couple of weeks ago Time Enough for Love is the second book in a series. It takes place many centuries after Methuselah's Children, and the only character that is in both books for any substantial amount is Lazarus Long who is now about 2000 years old (although others are briefly mentioned). 

With the aid of the Libby – Sheffield Drive humans have essentially colonized the near galaxy in what is referred to as the Great Diaspora. We learn during the stories that are related in this novel that earth is essentially uninhabitable, due to a limited nuclear war, and pollution, etc. It is for the most part avoided by pretty much everyone.

When the story opens Lazarus, has essentially given up on life and decided he wants to die. However, the leader of the planet Secundas (and as it happens one of his great-grandchildren) has decided that they need to keep him alive in order that they can learn what he knows. This is a point of contention, because everybody in the story essentially lives an extremely long time the right to end your life is something that cannot be taken away. However, they do that, much to Lazarus' annoyance.

He finally relents and allows them to proceed with his rejuvenation on the condition that they find him something new to do. In order that they know how to proceed, and what he has done in the past he is asked to relate stories of his life and experiences which will be used to assist in the search.

The stories he relates, along with connecting material of what he's going through during his rejuvenation make up the bulk of the novel. With the remainder being made up by the new life they lead after migrating to a new planet, and the adventure they find for him.

There are some rather mature themes in this novel that may be unsuitable for young adults, but I read the novel for the first time when I was quite young and it the only thing it did was to open my eyes to the infinite different ways the a person can see the world. There are many discussions about genetics, sex, death, politics, religion, family values, and the like but it is done in an honest, and open style that will teach readers. This is also something that is rarely addressed in virtually any other science fiction, even though society is one of the more fluid things in the world. After all, this book was written in 1973, and look how much has changed between then and now only 47 years later.

Enjoy this book, I have read it many times, and I've always found new things that made me think about our world.

"Science Past - Science Future" by Isaac Asimov (1920-1992)

Publisher:  Doubleday, Garden City, NY
Copyright: 1975
ISBN: 0385099231

This book is a compilation of 39 essays by Dr. Asimov written over his long career. The majority are from various magazines, but but a few were never published, and the stories that he relates regarding the rejections are rather curious to read. 

The past section covers topics such as technology, the physical sciences, the life sciences. While the future section talks about parts of society, then society as a whole. Between these two sections are two short essays that are rather personal in nature but they fit in well with the rest of the book.

Because this book was written in the 1970s, A number of the science future essays are more prediction than fact, but are still interesting to read. It is surprising how close Dr. Asimov came to predicting the actual Earth's population in the year 2000 considering he was writing so long ago. Some of the technology he talks about, such as the newly developed transistor, are explained very well, but as the integrated circuit that--everybody is familiar with nowadays--didn't exist at this point he was unable to scratch that topic. I do believe he touches on the subject in one of his other books, but seeing that he died in 1988 even this information would be relatively basic compared to what we now know.

One of the reoccurring themes or topics, that comes up in the future section is the high population of the earth. Dr. Asimov has some pretty strong opinions about that, but for the most part they are justified. His solutions however may not be to everyone's liking.

I'd recommend this book to anybody who's looking for a very good overview of the history of science, and inventions that have shape the world as we know it today.

"Loop Hole: Or How To Rob A Bank" by Robert Pollock (1930-2003)

Published: London: Hodder and Stoughton
Copyright: 1972.
ISBN: 0340162368

I've always been rather fascinated by stories dealing with crime. But not any old crime, I prefer ones that are well thought out, well plotted, and in which it is reasonably possible that the job could actually happen. Because of this things like murderers, etc. are of no interest to me, however heist fiction (which is actually a literary genre I found out) is very much in this category.

The story meets all my criteria, and is very entertaining as well. It involves the burglary of the City Savings Deposit Bank in London, which has a burglar proof vault, and a few million dollars inside it.

The team that is planning this caper is led by Mike, who has been in the business for many years and because of this his planning is meticulous. He knows that to rob this bank he needs professional assistance, so he hires himself an architect /engineer.

Robert Polak has crafted a wonderful story, that can be read numerous times and enjoyed. He got the idea for the novel, and I'm sure some of his material following some encounters he had with a paroled criminal who, he found out later was a rather famous British bank robber. It is interesting to note that this story influenced a group of real life criminals in Paris, France to attempt a robbery planned in the style. They came to be known as The Sewer Rats.

As it if you have read this blog in the past you will know that I have it very dim view of movies from Hollywood, as they rarely get it right. This movie however is an exception. The movie "Loophole" released in 1981, starring Albert Finney, and Martin Sheen was exceptional. It's true that the director John Quested changed a few things, but they were minor.

I would strongly recommend you read this book, and then watch the movie. It is not recommended however that you go and rob a bank, as the authorities do tend to frown on this. Then again, if you happen to do it, and get caught you have the opportunity of getting 3 square meals a day, free clothing, and a host of other amenities (some of which might not be so favourable).

"Secret Language: Codes, Tricks, Spies, Thieves and Symbols" by Barry J. Blake

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Copyright: 2011

ISBN: 9780199579280

I have had this book in my collection for quite some time, but never got around to actually reading it. I suppose in an off-handed away this is one advantage to the COVID-19 pandemic as none of the library's here are open so I am forced to actually read books that I've been meaning to (in some cases for years).

As it turns out this book is absolutely wonderful and Mr. Blake goes into significant amounts of detail with lots of examples from various languages, cultures, and history. A brief introduction deals with why people want to be mysterious. He then goes on to talk about topics related to anagrams and cryptic crosswords which includes things like palindromes and acronyms which he gives numerous examples of.

His next topic is all about riddles. Riddles have been with us for centuries, and have appeared in many forms. He discusses things like the rebus, the charade (and how it has changed from it's inception, into the kids game people are familiar with today). And then goes on to give some riddles that the reader can try.

The next section is one that I found extremely fascinating and that was on codes and ciphers. He deals with the history from pre-Roman times up to the present and the use of computers. Once again he gives the reader some interesting challenges.

The next three chapters deal with biblical secrets, words of power, and words to avoid. These are explored from a historical as well as a cultural viewpoint. His next chapter deals with jargon, slang, argot and various secret languages.

He ends the book with a discussion of things like politeness, humour, euphemism, abusive language, oxymorons, parody and satire to name but a few.

I found this to be an excellent book, and was quite sorry that I hadn't read it many years ago. It is especially renewed my interest in codes and ciphers, and I'll be reviewing another book that I have on that in the future.

"Methuselah's Children" by Robert A. Heinlein (1907-1988)

Publisher:  Signet Books

Copyright: 1958

Methuselah's Children is one of the more important novels written by Robert A. Heinlein. It is part of his Future History series which includes: "The Man Who Sold the Moon" (February 11, 2019), "The Green Hills of Earth" (February 18, 2019), "Revolt in 2100" (January 14, 2019), "Orphans of the Sky", and "The Past Through Tomorrow". The first three of these I have already reviewed on the dates shown.

These six books lead the reader into the World as Myth series, the first book of which is "Time Enough For Love" (1973) which I'll be reviewing in a few weeks. The other books in the future history series are: "Number of the Beast" (1980), "The Cat Who Walks Through Walls" (1985), "To Sail Beyond the Sunset" (1987). Which will be reviewed in the future, but I'm not sure exactly when as they are all rather long books.

As for Methuselah's Children it introduces and tells the story of the Howard Families who are extremely long lived individuals. This is due to the fact that they are the result of an experiment in eugenics. In which individuals were encouraged to marry and have children within a select group who have a history of long lived relatives.

At the beginning of the story there is a crisis within North America because the general population has found out about the existence of the Howard Families, and mistakenly believe they have found the fountain of youth through some experimentation of their own. Because of this erroneous idea the government is being pressured into obtaining the secret of their long life for everyone.

This is when we first meet Lazarus long, the senior of the Howard families (the oldest member at 214), who is attending one of their meetings for the first time in a number of decades. Due to the above crisis things quickly come to a head and Lazarus is forced to act for the families and help them escape before they are arrested and tortured for their 'secret'.

IN the course of this novel we are also reacquainted with another character Andrew Jackson Libby, a mathematical and engineering genius, who was introduced in the short story 'Misfit' from the 'Revolt in 2100' collection.

This is an extremely good story, which I have read a number of times. It does tend to drag slightly in the beginning due to backstory being presented, but for the most part this not only doesn't detract from the story, but in fact helps in introducing the Lazarus character. It may be considered by some to contain slightly more mature themes than would normally be recommended for very young adults, but this shouldn't mean they can't read it, but that it might take a little explaining on the part of someone older.

"Crimes Against Logic" by Jamie Whyte

Publisher: McGraw-Hill

Copyright: 2003

ISBN: 9780071446433

Mr. Whyte takes a very interesting and revealing look at how statistics, logic, and various arguments are misused by politicians, the clergy, journalists, and various other repeat offenders.

He covers various topics starting with a discussion of whether you have the right to your opinion, goes on to cover motives, the authority empty words, looks at begging the question, the existence of coincidence, the use of empty words, the misuse of statistics, and finally a look at morality. In all cases he gives very relevant, humourous, and in many cases eye-opening examples (that most people wouldn't typically consider) of what he means and this allows the reader to understand the points that he makes that much better.

This isn't a long book but it is a very interesting read that definitely shows the reader how they are being guided into thinking things that are not true, especially when dealing with politicians, the clergy, and most recently journalists. At times this is being done intentionally by the politicians and at times the clergy. While under other circumstances a journalist is guilty of it because they simply do not understand statistics or in some cases choose to ignore statistics or facts in favour of getting a good story.

A great book that should be read by all.

“M*A*S*H” by Richard Hooker (1924-1997)

Publisher:New York : William Morrow and Company, 1968.
Edition:First Ballantine Books edition.
Copyright Date:©1968
Characteristics:  211 pages

Richard Hooker was the pseudonym for H. Richard Hornberger a surgeon, and MASH was based on his experiences during the Korean War.

For those readers who are familiar with the movie version of MASH it follows the book quite closely, which detailed the lives of a group of surgeons while they were posted in Korea for approximately 15 to 16 months.

The two main characters in the book are Hawkeye Pierce, and Duke Forest,  both surgeons who arrived at the 4077 MASH at the same time. In the movie & series the lead characters are Pierce and Trapper John McIntyre. There are certain characters in the book though that do not play anywhere near as big a part as they did in the television series, such as Major Houlihan, Major Burns.

The book is very well written and gives a good account of what the surgeons and medical staff of a typical MASH unit went through on a daily basis. There's a fair amount of medical terminology which might confuse, or at least slow down the understanding of someone who isn't familiar with it.

There are a number of scenes in the book that appear in the movie, but do not appear in the TV series, such as the suicide of Painless Pole, The football game, and the trip to Japan to operate on the Congressmans son (and play golf). There is also a great section where Trapper John poses as Jesus Christ and sells autographed pictures of himself in order to raise money to send Ho-Jon to medical school in the States. This I'm sure would have been great had it been in the movie, but I'm also sure that the religious right would have had a rather large fit about it.

This book is a very good read, and I would recommend it as an interesting comparison to what you have seen or might see if you have never seen either the movie it the series.